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Home  ›  When Compared To Sulfuric Acid How Strong Are Carboxylic Acids

When Compared To Sulfuric Acid How Strong Are Carboxylic Acids

Written By Thursday, January 5, 2023 Add Comment Edit

Abstract

Acrid hydrolysis, which uses concentrated mineral acids to produce cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), is expensive, overdegrades the cellulose cloth, and is hazardous to human being and the environment. Thus recently, inquiry has concentrated on using organic acids to produce CNC for economic and environmental concerns. This study used citric acid anhydrous (85–100 wt%) with a smaller amount of sulfuric acid (0–15wt%) as a goad to prepare carboxylated nanocrystals from Oxytenanthera abyssinica cellulose. The highest yield (89.7%) was obtained with a reaction status of a 9:1wt% ratio of citric acid anhydrous to sulfuric acid, temperature (80 °C), and reaction time (5 h). The carboxyl functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals was affirmed through the conductometric titrimetric method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The conductometric titration showed a maximum carboxylate concentration of 0.75 ± 0.08 mmol/g; this gave the CNC stable dispersibility. Based on scanning electron microscopy characterization, mostly spherical-similar shapes of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals were obtained. The dynamic light scattering assay showed that the particle possesses a particle size of 68.06 ± i.05 nm with a maximum absolute value zeta potential of -33 mV. The 10-ray diffraction analysis found cellulose crystallinity in the lx.37 to 81.iii% range. The thermal gravimetric analysis showed that rapid mass loss occurred betwixt 245 and 400 °C, with a maximum weight loss of 95%. Introducing the carboxylic group from citric acid anhydrous to cellulose can heighten the application of cellulose. Since the carboxylic groups are simultaneously introduced to the surface of cellulose during the hydrolysis process, it has the advantage of reducing the amount and chemical prices that toll for serial and long-pace surface functionalizing reactions. Citric acrid could be hands recovered through a rotary evaporator, and since it is obtained from fruits, the carboxylic CNC formed has lower toxic risks. These environmentally friendly, sustainable, and nontoxic backdrop gave the produced carboxylic CNC high potential application for the production of biofilms, food packaging cloth, UV protection, drug delivery, and new bio-based nanomaterials.

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All data generated or analyzed during this written report are included in this newspaper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bio-process and Biotechnology Centre of Excellence, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Limenew Abate Worku, Rakesh Kumar Bachheti & Mesfin Getachew Tadesse

  2. Department of Industrial Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Addis Ababa Sciences and Applied science University, P.O. Box-16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Limenew Abate Worku, Rakesh Kumar Bachheti & Mesfin Getachew Tadesse

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study formulation and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Limenew Allay Worku. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Rakesh Kumar Bachheti, Mesfin Getachew Tadesse, and Limenew Abate Worku. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and canonical the final manuscript. All authors also worked on revision of the article.

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Correspondence to Rakesh Kumar Bachheti.

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Worku, L.A., Bachheti, R.K. & Tadesse, One thousand.Yard. Preparation and characterization of carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals from Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Ethiopian lowland bamboo) cellulose via citric acid anhydrous hydrolysis catalyzed by sulfuric acid. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03718-0

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  • DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03718-0

Keywords

  • Carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals
  • Mixed acids hydrolysis
  • Characterization
  • Oxytenanthera abyssinica

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